Alexandria

Long Before Cairo There Was Alexandria

Alexandria
  • Lunch

    Lunch

  • Transfer

    Transfer

  • Staff Guide

    Staff Guide

  • $220 pp

    Adults ≥ 17 Yrs Group of 2

  • $210pp

    Groups 3-5 adults

  • $200pp

    Groups ≥ 6 adults

  • $90 pp

    Child 6 – 16.9 Yrs

Overview

Overview

Alexandria was founded by Alexander the Great in 332 BC and was the capital of Egypt for more than 300 years. For those guests that have been on our Old Cairo and the National Museum of Egyptian Civilisation adventures, this tour is inextricably linked with both.

After its foundation, Alexandria became the seat of the Ptolemaic Kingdom, and quickly grew to be one of the greatest cities of the Hellenistic world. Only Rome, which gained control of Egypt in 30 BC, eclipsed Alexandria in size and wealth.

When Alexandria fell to the Arabs in 641 AD, it was decided that a better spot for the Egyptian capital would be at Fustat. Fustat is where the National Museum of Egyptian Civilisation, the Citadel and Old Cairo are located, and  later became the centre of Egyptian Government for 700 years..  The capitals relocation was because it would be easier to defend inland Fustat rather than the coastal location of Alexandria that would be vulnerable to the Roman Navy.

After Alexandria’s status as the country’s capital ended, it fell into a long decline, which by the late Ottoman period, had seen it reduced to little more than a small fishing village. The French army under Napoleon captured the city in 1798, and the British soon captured it from the French, retaining Alexandria within their sphere of influence for 150 years. The city grew in the early 19th century under the industrialization program of Mohammad Ali, the viceroy of Egypt.

The places visited on this tour include the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, the catacombs of Kom ash-Shuqqafa, the Roman Amphitheatre, the harbour of Alexandria with the picturesque Citadel of Sultan Qaitbay, and the place where the famous Lighthouse of Alexandria – one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World – once stood.

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Gallery

Ancient Egyptian Research Association

One Horizon Africa is a member of AERA. AERA brings together archaeologists and specialists from around the world to address questions regarding the origin, nature, and development of the Egyptian state. By becoming a member of AERA you support the training of young Egyptian archaeologists and the survey, mapping, excavation, and the analysis of archaeological sites. We encourage everyone to become a member and support the work of AERA. For additional information please click on the button below.

Itinerary

What To Expect From This Experience!

  • Alexandria was one of the great cities of the ancient world and was an integral part of ancient Egypt.
  • It is on this tour that you will come to appreciate the forces and people that played a role in the city’s history.
  • It is a day that links Alexandria with the rest of the country and the Roman Empire.

Embarking for Alexandria

The tour starts with a 3-hour drive in air-conditioned vehicles. Alexandria is the second largest city in Egypt, famous for its Greco-Roman remains and Mediterranean character. The most significant sites visited are:

Bibliotheca Alexandrina

The Great Library of Alexandria was one of the largest and most significant libraries of the ancient world. Alexandria came to be regarded as the capital of knowledge and learning. Julius Caesar burned his ships during the Siege of Alexandria in 48 BC. Ancient writers said the fire spread and destroyed the library’s collections.

Today, the library has developed as a centre of excellence in the production and dissemination of knowledge, and a place for interaction between peoples and civilisations. The library also aspires to be the world’s window on Egypt, and Egypt’s window to the world as a pioneer in the digital age, and above all, a centre for learning, tolerance, dialogue, and understanding.

Roman Amphitheatre

The Roman theatre was a major discovery in 1960. It was proven that the theatre was built in the 4th A.D century and was used up until the 7th century, throughout the Roman, Byzantine, and Islamic eras. The theatre used to host huge ceremonies and events with a capacity of 600 spectators.

Sultan Qāʾit Bey Citadel

Within a century of its founding, Alexandria’s splendours were renowned in the ancient world. The pride of ancient Alexandria harbour was the great lighthouse. One of the Seven Wonders of the World, the lighthouse is reputed to have been more than 350 feet (110 metres) high and was still standing in the 12th century. In 1477, however, Sultan Qāʾit Bey used stones from the dilapidated structure to build a fort (named for him), which stands near or on the original site.

Alexandria Catacombs

A labyrinth of tunnels and vaults, the catacombs are more than 360 miles long. This vast subterranean cemetery was created by ancient Romans nearly 2,000 years ago. In recent times, a catacomb containing thousands of human skeletons was unearthed. Currently, a team of specialists is on a mission to unlock the secrets of the skeletons.

About Lunch

We enjoy taking our guests out for lunch because it’s another way to experience Egyptian culture. We just want to make the following points: We only take our guests to the best restaurants. We place good hygiene and cleanliness as our number 1 priority. The restaurants offer both vegetarian and non-vegetarian options. If you choose to pass on lunch, we won’t take it personally. But please be assured, your health and safety are our overriding priority.

Inclusions

This half day tour can be combined with other tours for a full day’s activities. The other tours include Khan El Khalili Bazaar, Old Cairo (Coptic and Islamic History), the National Museum of Egyptian Civilisation, Stairways to Eternity (The Pyramids of Giza) and many others. Please enquire at One Horizon for your options.

  • Pick up from your hotel and return
  • Air-conditioned vehicle.
  • Your own personal, English speaking tour guide.

Exclusions

  • Personal expenditure of any kind
  • Tips
  • Alcoholic Drinks and extra meals (other than those stated in the itinerary)
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videos

We would like to acknowledge Before You Go: Travel Guide for this video which is publicly available on You Tube.

ALEXANDER THE GREAT

In 332 BC, Alexander the Great, King of Macedon, conquered Egypt. Upon his arrival in Egypt, Alexander was recognized and crowned as Pharaoh in Memphis. He adopted the Egyptian royal title. Alexander founded the city of Alexandria in Egypt, which later became a major cultural and intellectual center. Alexander the Great was buried in Egypt, eventually in Alexandria, the city he founded. His body had been initially taken to Memphis, but later transferred to Alexandria for a more elaborate tomb called a soma or sema.  The tomb became a significant landmark in Alexandria. The location of the Soma is debated, but ancient sources place it within the palace district of Alexandria.

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